For centuries, starting from first principles and freed from the constraints of physical settlement, one could only theorize the architecture of an ideal monetary foundation—anchored not in trust, but in absolute scarcity: independently verifiable, programmatic supply issuance, trivially portable across space, and increasingly costly to produce as human industrial and technological capacity advanced.
With a theoretically perfected base layer, the design surface shifts to the liability side. Gold standard banking models failed not just from leverage, but from structural flaws: short-term, redee