Information itself has never been valuable; what truly matters is the ability to filter information and to judge which information is correct. This world is never short of information or knowledge; what is lacking are people who can distinguish truth from falsehood and make right judgments. Many courses and books only teach concepts but deliberately avoid "right or wrong." They tell you that A makes sense, B also makes sense, but they don't tell you under what circumstances you must choose A, or when B is definitely wrong. As a result, people learn more and more but become increasingly unable to make choices. Therefore, many read大量的书，学了很多知识，人生却依然停滞不前。The problem is not that they don't understand, but that they dare not judge or bet. They are afraid to bear the consequences of their judgments, so they always stay in the safe zone of "both are correct."

Many truths are actually understood by everyone. For example, do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself, and also know that using others' methods to punish them is wrong; understand what it means to oppose public opinion strongly, and also understand what it means to act single-mindedly. But in reality, after success, others will say you opposed public opinion; after failure, others will only say you acted single-mindedly. This world will never tell you the answer in advance; it only judges right or wrong based on the results. Life is not about collecting shells on the beach, nor about picking up something beautiful just because it looks good, then picking up another beautiful thing later. If knowledge is just fragments, without structure or framework, it will ultimately only overload people with information but prevent action.

The only standard to judge whether knowledge is useful is: can it change your real-world results? You have learned so much economics—have you made money? You have read so many books—have you made better choices? Can you predict trends in advance instead of reviewing after the fact? Can you identify which key information is hidden rather than being led by appearances? Knowledge that cannot be applied in practice is essentially just decoration. People are never short of knowledge; what they lack is the ability to tell what is right and what is wrong, and to quickly understand the essence and improve decision-making efficiency.

Effective learning truly happens on top of foundational knowledge, combined with real cases and repeated practice, integrating scattered information into a system. When fragmented knowledge forms a structure, you will gradually establish your own judgment standards and develop a stable way of thinking. When you possess independent judgment and decision-making abilities, your perspective on the world will change. You will no longer rely on others' conclusions but be able to make your own choices and take responsibility for the results. Only then does knowledge truly begin to change destiny.