ZK-Rollup in the first quarter of this year has entered a new stage of technological competition. In terms of performance metrics, several mainstream solutions each have their highlights.

Scroll achieved full EVM equivalence, meaning developers can seamlessly migrate smart contracts. TPS reached a level of 2000, and more importantly, the Gas cost is only 1/15 of Ethereum L1, which significantly reduces on-chain operation costs. Meanwhile, zkSync Era's Boojum upgrade increased proof generation speed by 5 times, greatly improving transaction confirmation times. Polygon zkEVM's Type 1 prover solution took a different approach — enabling Ethereum L1 to directly verify ZK proofs, thereby strengthening the trust chain from a security perspective.

Data at the ecosystem level is even more interesting. The total locked value (TVL) of ZK-Rollup grew from $9 billion to $18 billion, doubling, indicating increasing market recognition of this scaling route. However, survey data cast a cold water — developer experience surveys show a complexity score of 8.2/10 for ZK development, with tooling and infrastructure maturity being the biggest bottlenecks.

Against this backdrop, some have proposed establishing a standardized framework for ZK-Rollup, aiming to simplify development processes and reduce learning costs. This idea indeed addresses pain points, but the standardization process itself is a complex trade-off — different solutions have different design philosophies, and forcing unification may sacrifice some innovation space.